Schizophrenia
A psychiatric illness characterized by distortions in perception, thought, and emotion causes people to behave inappropriately. Hallucinations and delusions are the most common symptoms. Patients suffering from this type of illness are frequently unaware that they have a mental illness, which often delays the start of treatment, which is essential for the improvement of the disorder.
Mood or affective disorder
It includes all mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder.
Depression
Depressive patients suffer from a persistently depressed mood, lose the ability to take interest and enjoy things, and experience a decrease in vitality and energy, which leads to a reduced activity level with excessive tiredness. Many depressed people also complain of lack of attention and concentration, feelings of inferiority with loss of self-confidence, hopelessness, sleep disorders, appetite disturbances and loss of libido, among other things. Delusions and hallucinations may accompany severe episodes. If the depressive episodes are repeated over and over again throughout life, we are dealing with a recurrent depressive disorder.
Bipolar disorder
It is a disorder characterised by mood swings, with depressive and manic or hypomanic phases. In manic episodes, the mood is exalted, showing a pathological cheerfulness and optimism that does not correspond to reality and an exaggerated increase in vitality and activity level. The level of excitement is practically uncontrollable, resulting in irritability and aggressiveness, with a loss of normal social inhibition, excessive sexual vigour and a reduced need for sleep.
They are typically people who have inordinate self-esteem and delusory ideas of grandeur. Manics may experience hallucinations in their most severe forms. Hypomanic episodes are also characterised by a high level of mood elevation but without reaching the severity of a manic episode. In hypomania, the intensity is not severe enough to interfere with work or to cause social rejection. Depressive episodes interspersed between manic or hypomanic phases are often particularly severe, increasing the risk of suicide significantly.
Personality disorders
Personality is the sum of the mental and behavioural characteristics that distinguish us from others and make us unique. Personality includes aspects that have to do with our perception of our environment, our thinking, our emotions, our desires, our motivations and how we interact with others. All these characteristics define us as individuals, and they develop and take hold in our childhood and youth. People with personality disorders frequently have ways of behaving and seeing the world that are deviant from normality, extreme, fixed or inflexible, which causes them difficulties in adapting to new situations and relating to themselves and others. These are disorders that cause a great deal of suffering. As a result, they often coexist with other types of illnesses, such as depression and anxiety. They are also linked to the consumption of harmful substances.
Anxiety disorders
Anxiety is the primary symptom of these disorders. Anxiety is not related to a specific environmental situation. We refer to phobic anxiety disorders when anxiety is activated only and exclusively in certain well-defined cases (agoraphobia, social phobia, zoophobia, claustrophobia, among others.). Anxiety disorders include: panic disorder and generalised anxiety disorder.
Panic disorder
Affected people experience severe anxiety regularly and unpredictably, usually with palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness and a sense of unreality. They often have an intense fear of losing control, going mad or dying.
Generalised anxiety disorder
When a person has this type of disorder, they are often overwhelmed by worries and fears, focusing their attention on the future, having the feeling that something terrible could happen to them or their loved ones at any time, with a permanent sense of floating nervousness.
Post-traumatic stress disorder
This disorder appears as a response to traumatic or particularly threatening events. People with PTSD report having recurring episodes of reliving the trauma, avoiding activities and situations that remind them of the trauma, being hypervigilant and having emotional problems, as well as sleep problems with frequent nightmares.
Dirección
C/ XXX, nº XX, 29010 Marbella
C/ XXX, nº XX, 29010 Madrid
Teléfono
XXX XXX XXX
info@XXXX.com
Adjustment disorders
These are mental states of subjective distress with varied and non-specific symptoms that generally interfere with a person’s social life, mainly as a result of a significant biographical change or a stressful life situation (divorce, bereavement experiences after the death of a loved one, losing a job, retirement, among others), but not as severe as post-traumatic stress disorder.
Acute stress disorder
It is a time-limited disorder (it disappears after a few days) that appears in healthy people as an immediate response to exceptional physical or psychological stress. The symptoms can be pretty varied, with episodes of agitation and an initial state of “overwhelm” with disorientation, narrowing of attention and reduction of the field of concentration. It may bring about PTSD, depression, anxiety disorder or dissociative disorder.
Obsessive compulsive disorder
This condition is characterised by the repetitive presence of obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviours that limit the sufferer’s life. Both the compulsive thoughts and the compulsive rituals are rejected by the sufferer, who neither desires them nor identifies with them, seeing them as inappropriate and absurd. Despite this, obsessive thoughts and compulsive acts are recurrent. They constantly try to overcome their obsessive thoughts and behaviours without success, which causes them great anxiety.
Dissociative disorders (conversion)
People affected by this type of disorder have a very distinctive common feature: a partial or complete loss of memories or events from the past, of self-awareness (trance and possession disorders) and even a loss of control of movements (paralysis of the lower limbs, with an inability to walk) or of certain sensory functions (loss of sensation in an arm or loss of vision, for example), without any medical diagnostic tests revealing the existence of any physical illness or neurological disorder. The symptoms usually appear suddenly and are closely related to a situation of high psychological stress.
Somatoform disorders
The main characteristic of these disorders is the repeated presence of physical symptoms. Consequently, patients suffering from these disorders frequently demand clinical examinations by medical specialists. However, even though the symptoms have no apparent physical justification to explain the nature and intensity of the symptoms, even with repeated negative results in medical examinations, patients continue to suffer greatly both physically and mentally, limiting their daily functioning.
Substance abuse (benzodiazepines, alcohol, cannabis and cocaine)
Excessive and repeated use of substances such as benzodiazepines, alcohol, cannabis or cocaine can negatively impact the psychological (anxiety, depression, psychosis) and physical health of substance abusers. Some of the complications associated with the use of psychotropic substances include dependence syndrome and the dreaded drug withdrawal syndrome (onset of seizures, delirium). If the patient eventually develops a severe dependence, cessation of substance use usually requires hospitalisation in a controlled environment.
Early-stage dementias
Dementia is a chronic brain disease that causes a progressive deterioration of multiple brain functions, such as memory, orientation, comprehension and learning abilities, thinking, language and judgement. People with dementia often have behavioural and emotional problems that can be treated psychiatrically. There are several types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s dementia, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia.
Sleep disorders
A sleep disturbance is a symptom of another mental or physical disorder in many cases. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the sleep disorder is a consequence of another problem that needs to be treated first. In any case, when the main complaint of a sufferer is a sleep disorder (insomnia, somnambulism, nightmares), there are psychological and psychological strategies that can help the affected person.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
This is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an early onset characterised by a marked lack of attention, hyperactivity and high impulsivity. It is a disorder with an important hereditary component, which originates in childhood and remains active throughout the affected individual’s life. After a complete study, once diagnosed, there are different psychological interventions and precise pharmacological treatments capable of alleviating the symptoms and problems derived from the disorder.
Schizophrenia
A psychiatric illness characterized by distortions in perception, thought, and emotion causes people to behave inappropriately. Hallucinations and delusions are the most common symptoms. Patients suffering from this type of illness are frequently unaware that they have a mental illness, which often delays the start of treatment, which is essential for the improvement of the disorder.
Mood or affective disorder
It includes all mood disorders, including depression and bipolar disorder.
Depression
Depressive patients suffer from a persistently depressed mood, lose the ability to take interest and enjoy things, and experience a decrease in vitality and energy, which leads to a reduced activity level with excessive tiredness. Many depressed people also complain of lack of attention and concentration, feelings of inferiority with loss of self-confidence, hopelessness, sleep disorders, appetite disturbances and loss of libido, among other things. Delusions and hallucinations may accompany severe episodes. If the depressive episodes are repeated over and over again throughout life, we are dealing with a recurrent depressive disorder.
Bipolar disorder
It is a disorder characterised by mood swings, with depressive and manic or hypomanic phases. In manic episodes, the mood is exalted, showing a pathological cheerfulness and optimism that does not correspond to reality and an exaggerated increase in vitality and activity level. The level of excitement is practically uncontrollable, resulting in irritability and aggressiveness, with a loss of normal social inhibition, excessive sexual vigour and a reduced need for sleep.
They are typically people who have inordinate self-esteem and delusory ideas of grandeur. Manics may experience hallucinations in their most severe forms. Hypomanic episodes are also characterised by a high level of mood elevation but without reaching the severity of a manic episode. In hypomania, the intensity is not severe enough to interfere with work or to cause social rejection. Depressive episodes interspersed between manic or hypomanic phases are often particularly severe, increasing the risk of suicide significantly.
Personality disorders
Personality is the sum of the mental and behavioural characteristics that distinguish us from others and make us unique. Personality includes aspects that have to do with our perception of our environment, our thinking, our emotions, our desires, our motivations and how we interact with others. All these characteristics define us as individuals, and they develop and take hold in our childhood and youth. People with personality disorders frequently have ways of behaving and seeing the world that are deviant from normality, extreme, fixed or inflexible, which causes them difficulties in adapting to new situations and relating to themselves and others. These are disorders that cause a great deal of suffering. As a result, they often coexist with other types of illnesses, such as depression and anxiety. They are also linked to the consumption of harmful substances.
Anxiety disorders
Anxiety is the primary symptom of these disorders. Anxiety is not related to a specific environmental situation. We refer to phobic anxiety disorders when anxiety is activated only and exclusively in certain well-defined cases (agoraphobia, social phobia, zoophobia, claustrophobia, among others.). Anxiety disorders include: panic disorder and generalised anxiety disorder.
Panic disorder
Affected people experience severe anxiety regularly and unpredictably, usually with palpitations, shortness of breath, dizziness and a sense of unreality. They often have an intense fear of losing control, going mad or dying.
Generalised anxiety disorder
When a person has this type of disorder, they are often overwhelmed by worries and fears, focusing their attention on the future, having the feeling that something terrible could happen to them or their loved ones at any time, with a permanent sense of floating nervousness.
Post-traumatic stress disorder
This disorder appears as a response to traumatic or particularly threatening events. People with PTSD report having recurring episodes of reliving the trauma, avoiding activities and situations that remind them of the trauma, being hypervigilant and having emotional problems, as well as sleep problems with frequent nightmares.
Dirección
C/ XXX, nº XX, 29010 Marbella
C/ XXX, nº XX, 29010 Madrid
Teléfono
XXX XXX XXX
info@XXXX.com
Adjustment disorders
These are mental states of subjective distress with varied and non-specific symptoms that generally interfere with a person’s social life, mainly as a result of a significant biographical change or a stressful life situation (divorce, bereavement experiences after the death of a loved one, losing a job, retirement, among others), but not as severe as post-traumatic stress disorder.
Acute stress disorder
It is a time-limited disorder (it disappears after a few days) that appears in healthy people as an immediate response to exceptional physical or psychological stress. The symptoms can be pretty varied, with episodes of agitation and an initial state of “overwhelm” with disorientation, narrowing of attention and reduction of the field of concentration. It may bring about PTSD, depression, anxiety disorder or dissociative disorder.
Obsessive compulsive disorder
This condition is characterised by the repetitive presence of obsessive thoughts or compulsive behaviours that limit the sufferer’s life. Both the compulsive thoughts and the compulsive rituals are rejected by the sufferer, who neither desires them nor identifies with them, seeing them as inappropriate and absurd. Despite this, obsessive thoughts and compulsive acts are recurrent. They constantly try to overcome their obsessive thoughts and behaviours without success, which causes them great anxiety.
Dissociative disorders (conversion)
People affected by this type of disorder have a very distinctive common feature: a partial or complete loss of memories or events from the past, of self-awareness (trance and possession disorders) and even a loss of control of movements (paralysis of the lower limbs, with an inability to walk) or of certain sensory functions (loss of sensation in an arm or loss of vision, for example), without any medical diagnostic tests revealing the existence of any physical illness or neurological disorder. The symptoms usually appear suddenly and are closely related to a situation of high psychological stress.
Somatoform disorders
The main characteristic of these disorders is the repeated presence of physical symptoms. Consequently, patients suffering from these disorders frequently demand clinical examinations by medical specialists. However, even though the symptoms have no apparent physical justification to explain the nature and intensity of the symptoms, even with repeated negative results in medical examinations, patients continue to suffer greatly both physically and mentally, limiting their daily functioning.
Substance abuse (benzodiazepines, alcohol, cannabis and cocaine)
Excessive and repeated use of substances such as benzodiazepines, alcohol, cannabis or cocaine can negatively impact the psychological (anxiety, depression, psychosis) and physical health of substance abusers. Some of the complications associated with the use of psychotropic substances include dependence syndrome and the dreaded drug withdrawal syndrome (onset of seizures, delirium). If the patient eventually develops a severe dependence, cessation of substance use usually requires hospitalisation in a controlled environment.
Early-stage dementias
Dementia is a chronic brain disease that causes a progressive deterioration of multiple brain functions, such as memory, orientation, comprehension and learning abilities, thinking, language and judgement. People with dementia often have behavioural and emotional problems that can be treated psychiatrically. There are several types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s dementia, vascular dementia, Lewy body dementia and frontotemporal dementia.
Sleep disorders
A sleep disturbance is a symptom of another mental or physical disorder in many cases. Therefore, it is important to determine whether the sleep disorder is a consequence of another problem that needs to be treated first. In any case, when the main complaint of a sufferer is a sleep disorder (insomnia, somnambulism, nightmares), there are psychological and psychological strategies that can help the affected person.
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
This is a neurodevelopmental disorder with an early onset characterised by a marked lack of attention, hyperactivity and high impulsivity. It is a disorder with an important hereditary component, which originates in childhood and remains active throughout the affected individual’s life. After a complete study, once diagnosed, there are different psychological interventions and precise pharmacological treatments capable of alleviating the symptoms and problems derived from the disorder.
